Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (HPPM) Exam 1 Practice

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• Which of the following is a risk factor that facilitates the development of nosocomial infections?
• What is the recommended interval for lipid profile screening?
• Is routine gonorrhea and chlamydia screening recommended for men?
• Cervical cancer screening for women younger than 21 years is:
• Severity is measured by which outcomes?
• Which statement is true about shingles vaccines?
• Which statement about routine oral cancer screening guidelines is true?
• Cultural and linguistic competence is defined as which of the following?
• In pregnant women, when should syphilis screening occur according to guidelines?
• Which criteria does the World Health Organization use to rank countries?
• What random blood sugar level suggests diabetes?
• Which statement about lipid screening intervals is true?
• Which of the following is NOT among the three leading causes of death listed?
• What is the recommended frequency for stool DNA testing in colorectal cancer screening?
• Which of the following is an example of a communicable disease from the given examples?
• Which of the following is NOT a metabolic syndrome criterion?
• What is a community-acquired infection?
• Which lipid parameter is the primary carrier of cholesterol and is commonly targeted to reduce cardiovascular risk when elevated?
• Selective estrogen receptor modulators help to prevent which cancer?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a mode of transmission for HAIs?
• Which statement about stopping screening is true?
• FluZone High Dose is administered how?
• What is the recommended schedule for the herpes zoster vaccine in adults aged 50 and older?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a possible symptom of breast cancer?
• Which of the following is NOT typically used as a screening test for prostate cancer?
• In a fasting lipid panel, which lipoprotein is referred to as the 'bad' cholesterol?
• Contract precautions are used for which of the following groups of diseases?
• Illness-based/conventional history focuses on questions related to which of the following?
• What is the measured parameter in Mantoux reading?
• True or False: If a hysterectomy was performed due to cervical cancer, a pap smear still needs to be performed
• Among adolescents aged 12-19 years, have had a cavity in their permanent teeth?
• Start age for biennial breast screening?
• How often is sDNA-FIT (stool DNA test) recommended?
• What are the benefits of a health maintenance schedule?
• Which organizations concluded insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine oral cancer screening in asymptomatic adults?
• What PSA value is considered abnormal?
• Which population should be screened for blood glucose?
• Communicable disease is illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through direct or indirect transmission from an infected individual or via an animal, vector, or inanimate environment to a susceptible host.
• How are cultures collected to screen for gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• What grade does the USPSTF give biennial mammogram screening beginning at age 40?
• For HIV+ patients, TB skin induration threshold for a positive test is at least how many millimeters?
• Which test is most commonly performed for tuberculin skin testing?
• Which statement about diphtheria is incorrect?
• What does the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Test detect?
• Negative Predictive Value is defined as what?
• The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer in all adults aged which range?
• Which vaccines are designed for older adults (65+) and include enhanced features?
• Which fasting blood sugar level indicates diabetes?
• For women aged 21-29, what is the recommended screening interval with cytology alone?
• Which of the following is an example of a communicable disease?
• What does FIT-DNA stool test detect?
• Which vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine?
• Which screening method is no longer promoted for prostate cancer?
• Which item is commonly cited as a barrier to delivering preventive health services in clinical practice?
• Which sequence correctly describes the typical HIV testing algorithm from screening to confirmation?
• What is the gold standard for breast cancer screening?
• What rank did the World Health Organization assign the United States for level of health?
• What test result identifies an individual as having HIV?
• Which tests are used for screening gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• Which measure expresses the risk of disease in the population that is attributable to exposure?
• Oral health screening guidelines state that oral health screening is indicated in asymptomatic persons who have which risk factor?
• Which statement about the Quadrivalent influenza vaccine is true?
• Absolute risk describes the actual probability of developing the disease in the group with the risk factor.
• CT colonography imaging produces which type of image?
• Which population should obtain a total cholesterol and lipid profile?
• What is the recommended frequency for flexible sigmoidoscopy (flex sig)?
• Based on patient sexual behaviors, which other swab sites may be used for gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• What does PSA stand for?
• Which statement is NOT part of standard precautions?
• What is the standard test for diagnosing HIV?
• How is frequency measured in epidemiology?
• Which of the following is one of the seven steps in responding to an abnormal screening result?
• Type B influenza is best described as which of the following?
• Shingles involving the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve can put you at risk for what serious outcome?
• FLUAD is characterized by containing what for older adults?
• Which sample type is used for the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Test?
• Shingles is a reactivation of which virus?
• Why are non-communicable diseases a major community health concern?
• Which term describes the measure of disease frequency in a population?
• Which tests are used as confirmatory tests for HIV infection?
• Specificity is a test's ability to designate an individual who does not have disease as negative.
• FOBT is a screening test that can be performed in which setting?
• Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of abnormalities caused by insulin resistance associated with excessive adipose tissue dysfunction.
• Which mass characteristic is more likely to indicate cancer?
• Which of the following is a disease that is commonly reported to local health departments?
• In cervical cancer screening, what interval is used for hrHPV testing alone or cotesting?
• What A1C level is normal?
• According to USPSTF guidelines, HIV testing should be offered annually to which group?
• What is the most common symptom of breast cancer?
• The Quadrivalent influenza vaccine differs from the Trivalent vaccine by including what?
• What is the frequency for fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and describe the test?
• A fasting lipid panel includes which components?
• What is the recommended interval for colonoscopy screening?
• Which action is a personal task to prevent and control the spread of communicable diseases?
• What does colonoscopy allow the clinician to do?
• In risk-factor based/prevention history, an example is an asymptomatic patient coming in for a physical exam and pap smear. Which option matches this example?
• Women older than 65 years with adequate prior screening or a hysterectomy should:
• Which shingles vaccine is live attenuated?
• What is a confirmatory test for prostate cancer?
• Screening guidelines for breast cancer indicate biennial mammography should be offered to women of what age range?
• Describe the procedure for an oral glucose tolerance test.
• How many deaths in the US were attributed to cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx?
• What is the dosing interval for the herpes zoster vaccine?
• Which populations are at higher risk for developing diabetes and should be screened earlier?
• What is PSA density?
• Why is treatment of lesions that would otherwise resolve on their own harmful?
• Screening for prostate cancer should be avoided in men with life expectancy less than 10 to 15 years.
• What is a health maintenance schedule?
• Droplet precautions are indicated for which of the following?
• What best describes a non-communicable disease?
• Which term defines the source of infection in the chain?
• Pneumonia vaccine recommendations for a healthy 65-year-old.
• Endoscopy (sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy) is a screening test for detecting which conditions?
• In a glucose tolerance test, what range indicates prediabetes?
• Which of the following is a harm of over-screening for cervical cancer?
• Which TB infection test enumerates effector T cells activated by MTB antigens?
• Cutoffs for A1C testing: Normal, Prediabetic, and Diabetic ranges.
• What kinds of stool tests can be conducted?
• Health Protection is best described as which of the following?
• Population-Attributable Risk is the proportion of the population affected due to exposure.
• What is the recommended interval for CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) screening?
• How can parents clean the teeth of infants?
• Which population is identified as at increased risk for HIV infection due to injection drug use?
• When should the patient return after Mantoux testing and what should be examined?
• Negative Predictive Value is the probability that a person with a negative test result truly is disease-free.
• Which disease is listed as a communicable disease example in the material?
• How is a screening test best defined?
• Which of the following is an example of a non-communicable disease?
• Sensitivity is a test's ability to designate an individual with disease as positive.
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy should be repeated at what interval?
• Which of the following is a population at higher risk for BRCA mutation?
• Among children aged 6-8 years, what percentage had a cavity in their primary teeth?
• A fasting lipid profile includes which components?
• At what age threshold is listed as a diabetes risk factor?
• What is percent free PSA?
• Screening more frequently than every 5 years with primary hrHPV testing alone or cotesting does not substantially improve benefit but what does it significantly increase?
• Population-Attributable Risk is best described as the proportion of the population with disease attributable to exposure.
• In which scenario is Pap screening unnecessary?
• What test is used to screen for cervical cancer?
• What combination of measures helps interpret PSA results beyond the absolute value?
• Which of the following is listed as a newer technology for colorectal cancer screening?
• Which technology is described as 'virtual' colonoscopy?
• Before undergoing sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, bowel evacuation is typically recommended within what time frame?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of pertussis?
• What is a normal PSA range?
• Which of the following is a concern associated with live or attenuated vaccines?
• Which group is considered at higher risk by the ACS and may be targeted for screening?
• True or false: women who have had adequate screening with normal smears can discontinue pap smears at 65 years old.
• What term refers to a population, tissue, etc., that is chronically infected with the causative agent of a disease and can act as a source of further infection?
• Prediabetes is defined as what?
• Which site is assessed in abdominal aortic aneurysm ultrasound screening?
• Which of the following is NOT a high-risk population for healthcare-associated infections?
• Describe the Mantoux Test: how much PPD is injected and what site?
• The Trivalent influenza vaccine contains which combination?
• Chemoprophylaxis is also called what?
• Hemoglobin A1C reflects average blood glucose over which approximate time period?
• Which obstetric history is listed as a risk factor for diabetes?
• Which nipple or breast skin change is described as red, dry, flaking, or thickened?
• Which feature can occur with diphtheria infection?
• How many cases of oral cancer were diagnosed in the United States?
• According to USPSTF guidelines, for adults aged 40-75 years, what is the recommended focus of lipid management?
• Evidence from RCTs, observational studies, and modeling studies suggest that a _______ screening interval for primary hrHPV testing alone or cotesting offers the best balance of benefits and harms
• Which statement about tetanus is true?
• Which action should you take when you cough or sneeze?
• Which test result confirms a diagnosis of syphilis?
• Which self-examinations are no longer promoted for cancer screening?
• Which term describes history focusing on current signs and symptoms in a patient evaluation?
• Prediabetes usually occurs in people who have what condition?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for diabetes?
• If PSA is 1.2 ng/mL, is this within the normal range?
• What is a primary function of flexible sigmoidoscopy?
• CT colonography imaging produces what kind of image?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for diabetes?
• Shingles affecting the ophthalmic branch involves which cranial nerve?
• What findings might be reported on a Pap smear?
• What is the most common cancer leading to death for both men and women?
• If disease prevalence increases, which change would you expect in the Positive Predictive Value?
• Which statement is NOT a reason to stop screening?
• When would a different breast screening modality be used?
• What rank did the World Health Organization assign the US for overall health system performance?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for HPV infection?
• Which vaccine is the recombinant (dead) shingles vaccine?
• In Mantoux testing, which finding is considered insignificant?
• Which statement about health maintenance schedules is true?
• For higher-risk men aged 40-54, how should screening decisions be approached?
• Undiagnosed dental disease can lead to which of the following functional problems?
• According to screening guidelines, which group should be offered routine prostate cancer screening?
• Normal blood pressure is defined as which of the following?
• What A1C level indicates diabetes?
• Which conditions warrant earlier diabetes screening?
• For cytology-only cervical cancer screening in women, what is the recommended interval?
• What is the goal of risk-factor based/prevention history?
• Which of the following is NOT typically classified as a healthcare-associated infection?
• What A1C level indicates prediabetes?
• Induration of 15 mm or more is considered positive in which patients?
• What are the two categories of colon cancer screening?
• How often should we check lipid levels and liver function once the serum cholesterol target has been reached?
• Women over age ___ should discuss benefits and harms of screening mammography with their provider.
• Standard isolation precautions are appropriate for which of the following diseases?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between self-exam findings and screening decisions for oral cancer?
• In a glucose tolerance test, what range indicates diabetes?
• Cervical cancer screening intervals with cytology alone historically include which of the following?
• At what diameter is an AAA considered at increased risk for rupture?
• FOBT uses which tool or card?
• What is the screening guideline for total cholesterol and lipid profiles?
• When should serum lipid levels be rechecked once a patient starts taking a lipid-lowering medication?
• According to the AHA guidelines, starting at age 20, how often should a fasting lipid profile be assessed?
• Which of the following is a portal of entry for nosocomial infections?
• What is the top cause of death in America?
• In ACOG guidelines, routine lipid screening for women begins at what age?
• In a glucose tolerance test, what range indicates a normal result?
• Absolute Risk is the actual proportion of people with the risk factor who will develop the disease.
• What is the frequency for CT colonography?
• What kinds of direct visualization tests can be conducted?
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy visualizes which portion of the colon?
• Which of the following is an example of a non-communicable disease?
• Which fasting blood sugar range indicates prediabetes?
• Which fasting glucose value is used as one criterion for metabolic syndrome?
• What does cotesting involve in cervical cancer screening?
• What is the USPSTF stance on screening for prostate cancer in men 70 years and older? What is the category rating?
• What is the #1 bacteria responsible for dental cavities?
• Which test is used for screening abdominal aortic aneurysm?
• For patients from countries with high TB prevalence, a positive TB skin test is defined as induration of at least how many millimeters?
• Which populations are contraindicated to get FluMist?
• Which term describes a practical, evidence-based approach preventing patients and health care workers from being harmed by avoidable infections?
• What is antigenic drift?
• What is a nosocomial infection?
• Which term is described as being directed toward a desire to actively avoid illness, to detect it early, or to maintain function within the constraints of illness?
• What are the downsides to screening more frequently than every 3 years with cytology alone?
• Every child should begin to receive oral health risk assessments by ______ of age from a pediatrician or qualified pediatric health care professional.
• Which item is included in developing a health maintenance schedule?
• Risk-factor based/prevention history emphasizes what as the primary problem?
• Which breast skin change may look like orange peel?
• The inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) is recommended for individuals in what age range?
• Under USPSTF guidelines, HIV testing is recommended for pregnant women in which trimester?
• Elevated blood pressure is defined as which range?
• PSA density is calculated using which measurements?
• Which group is NOT among those at highest risk for pneumococcal pneumonia?
• Physical exam procedures that qualify as preventive interventions are those that ___?
• What is the purpose of an adjuvant in vaccines like FLUAD?
• In illness-based/conventional history, an example is a patient presenting with which symptom?
• How are risk factors defined in health terminology?
• Stage I Hypertension is defined as which range?
• Relative Risk is defined as the ratio of the risk of disease among those exposed to a factor compared to those not exposed.
• In the seven-step process, which step comes immediately after interpreting the result's significance in context?
• Developing a health maintenance schedule includes which of the following?
• What is the purpose of a patient reminder plan?
• Which of the following best describes standard precautions?
• Shingles typically presents as what kind of rash?
• For syphilis, which tests are used for initial screening and confirmatory testing?
• Which population is identified as at increased risk for syphilis infection?
• Undiagnosed and untreated dental disease can lead to which of the following outcomes?
• What does the American Cancer Society recommend for prostate cancer screening?
• For men aged 55-69, how should deciding to screen for prostate cancer be approached?
• For pregnancy, when should Tdap be given?
• The United States ranking for level of health is 72nd out of 191. How many countries were included in this ranking?
• FluMist (LAIV) is best described as which of the following?
• What fasting blood sugar level is considered normal?
• USPSTF recommends visual acuity screening for which group?
• Which organization ranks countries’ health system performance?
• Stage II Hypertension is defined as which range?
• Immigrants from which areas are considered high risk for TB infection?
• What is the typical length of a flexible sigmoidoscope?
• Which statement about standard precautions is true?
• Pregnant women should be screened for gonorrhea and chlamydia in which pattern?
• Which vaccine provides the same viruses as Trivalent plus an additional B virus?
• Which action is a recommended personal task to prevent the spread of communicable diseases?
• For women aged 30-65, which screening options are correct?
• Which site is listed as a portal of entry for nosocomial infections?
• Which component involves assessing whether preventive services are delivered and reminders are effective?
• What is the primary purpose of diagnostic tests?
• According to ACOG guidelines, at what age should routine lipid screening begin for women?
• Aspirin has been shown to help prevent which conditions?
• What is another name for H5N1?
• Which population should undergo annual cervical cancer screening/pap smears?
• HDL-C is commonly referred to as which type of fat?
• Which statement reflects who should not be screened for prostate cancer?
• Which groups are most at risk for pneumococcal pneumonia?
• Which test detects the presence of blood in stool as part of screening?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for dental caries?
• Pneumococcal pneumonia is caused by what type of organism and can lead to which complications?
• Can you catch shingles from someone who has shingles?
• Which waist circumference thresholds are used to define metabolic syndrome?
• Which set of self-examinations is no longer promoted for cancer screening?
• Which are the types of screening tests for prostate cancer?
• An AAA is present when infrarenal aortic diameter exceeds what?
• Which finding is considered abnormal on sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy?
• Disease Prevention is defined as taking action to thwart the disease process by finding ways to modify the environment, behavior, and bodily defenses so that the disease processes are eliminated, slowed, or changed.
• Which term describes the practice of preventing or stopping the spread of infections in the health care setting?
• What is the recommended interval for repeating blood glucose testing after a normal result?
• Airborne precautions are indicated for which of the following diseases?
• Which lipid abnormality is listed as a risk factor for diabetes?
• Approximately how many new cases of oral cancer are diagnosed in the US each year?
• When do we stop screening for breast cancer/mammography?
• Which factor related to physical activity is modifiable to reduce diabetes risk?
• Screening guidelines for one-time AAA ultrasound indicate screening for which group?
• How often should non-pregnant women be screened for gonorrhea and chlamydia?
• For adults aged 65 and older, which statement about pneumococcal vaccination is correct?
• What is the frequency for colonoscopy?
• Which of the following is included among the seven steps in responding to an abnormal screening result?
• What does the T-Spot.TB test detect?
• Which of the following are types of blood glucose screening tests?
• Which statement about a random blood sugar test is accurate?
• How often should serum lipid levels be rechecked for patients attempting lifestyle modification for hyperlipidemia?
• Which of the following is identified as a high-risk group for TB?
• Airborne precautions apply to which diseases?
• What are the potential consequences of a false positive test result?
• At home, FOBT collection involves which steps?
• Positive Predictive Value is the probability that a patient with a positive test result actually has the disease.
• Postmenopausal hormone therapy is associated with prevention of what?
• According to the immunization schedule, how many doses of Tdap are recommended in adulthood, and what follows?
• Which of the following is a criterion for metabolic syndrome?
• What is a common complication of shingles, especially in older adults?
• Which statement best describes Health Promotion?
• Which screening test has a 10-year interval?
• What is another name for the H1N1 Pandemic of 1918?
• Which shingles vaccine is more than 90% effective in preventing Shingles?
• Which vaccine is specifically associated with preventing shingles?
• What is antigenic shift?
• N-95 masks should be used for protection against which of the following?
• What are the potential consequences of a false negative test result?
• Under USPSTF guidelines, how should lipid screening be approached for adults aged 21-39?
• Stool DNA testing screens for which findings?
• What does a pelvic exam screen for?
• What specimens are collected in a Pap smear?
• Which TB test is described as an ELISA that detects interferon-γ release in fresh heparinized whole blood?
• What does FIT detect in stool?
• What is the recommended screening interval for syphilis in MSM or persons living with HIV?